6.关于冠词用法的注意点
<例句>
One of my friends is still in hospital.
我的一个朋友还住在医院里。
<语法分析>
个体名词如school, prison, market, hospital, bed, class和court等直接位于某些介词后，当表示该名词的深层意义时，不用冠词。当bike, car, bus, train, boat, ship和plane等词与by连用，表示一种交通手段时，不用冠词，但是当这些名词特指某一种交通工具时，则要与冠词连用。在月份、星期、季节、三餐等的名词前，通常不加冠词，如有描绘性修饰语时，可加冠词。两个名词各指不同的人、事和概念时，要用冠词。两个名词如指同一个人、同一物时，后一个名词可不用冠词。
<触类旁通>
(1) She has gone to market.
她去市场了。
语法分析：个体名词前不用冠词。
(2) I go to work by bike.
我骑车去上班。
语法分析：当bike, car, bus, train, boat, ship和plane等词与by连用，表示一种交通手段时，不用冠词。
(3) She went out on a bike.
她骑一辆车子出去了。
语法分析：当这些名词特指一种交通工具时，则要与冠词连用。
(4) Summer comes after spring.
春去夏来。
语法分析：季节名词前一般不用冠词。
(5) He came to that place in the auturn of 1990.
他1990年秋天去过那个地方。
语法分析：如果有限定词修饰或表示一般特定的时间，则需要用定冠词。
(6) This road winds its way from west to east.
这条路自西向东蜿蜒而行。
语法分析：在并列使用的两个名词前，常省掉冠词。
(7) They are the students of our school.
他们是我们学校的全体学生。
语法分析：在复数名词或数词前用the强调全体，不用则强调部分。
(8) She raises a black and a white dog.
她养了一只黑狗和一只白狗。
语法分析：两个形容词都有冠词，后面的名词为单数，表示两个不同的事物，如后一个形容词没有冠词，则指一物。
<巩固练习>
1. ______ water in th wet clothes is being burned into vapor.
2. She is in ______ first year class.
3. After the school I returned home on _____ 9:20 train.
4. Our school was completed in _____ October of 2000.
5. We had ______ terribly cold winter last year.
6. _____ breakfast I had last morning was very nice.
7. She came first in ______ race.
8. She sang and played _____ piano.
9. My brother went to see ______ film yesterday evening.
10. I listen to ______ radio every morning.
11. Turn on ______ TV please.
12. ______ square has four sides.
13. I cannot finish the task in so short _____ time.
14. Brave _____ man though he is, he trembles at the sight of snakes.
<参考答案>
1. The 2. the 3. the 4. the 5. a 6. The 7. the 8. the 9. a 10. the 11. the 12. A 13. a 14. a